La Asamblea Nacional de Alemania eligió a Friedrich Ebert como presidente de la República, después de aprobarse la primera Constitución Republicana en 1919. Ejerció como presidente hasta su muerte en 1925
Les presentamos a Friedrich Ebert
Ebert se unió al Partido Socialdemócrata Alemán (SPD) a sus 18 años. Fue electo diputado en 1912. Ejerció como portavoz parlamentario desde 1916. Desde ese espacio, defendió la postura pacifista del SPD contra la Primera Guerra Mundial (1914-1918).
Las Potencias Centrales, conformada por Alemania, Austria-Hungría, Turquía Otomana y Bulgaria, fueron derrotadas durante la Primera Guerra Mundial. El 9 de noviembre de 1918, el káiser Guillermo II dimitió, dejando a una Alemania devastada. Al día siguiente, se conformó un gobierno provisional encabezado por Friedrich Ebert. Este estaba compuesto por tres miembros del SPD: Además de Ebert, Philipp Scheidemann y Otto Landsberger y tres del USPD: Hugo Haase, Wilhelm Dittmann y Emil Barth.
La Asamblea Nacional, reunida en Weimar, eligió a Friedrich Ebert como presidente de la República, después de aprobarse la primera Constitución Republicana en 1919. Ejerció como presidente hasta su muerte en 1925, tratando de consolidar un régimen democrático y de defender una política de conciliación, una tarea difícil después de la Gran Guerra. Ebert luchó en favor de la democracia parlamentaria y realizó una política orientada hacia la justicia social.
Cuando Ebert falleció el 28 de febrero de 1925, estipuló en su testamento que se creara una fundación. Debía contribuir a educar a personas de todas las clases en el espíritu democrático, mejorar el entendimiento entre Alemania y sus vecinos y promocionar a los jóvenes con talento. El SPD y los sindicatos cercanos a él piden donaciones en el espíritu del difunto. La FES se funda en Berlín el 2 de marzo de 1925 con el objetivo de "conceder becas a jóvenes proletarios capaces para estudiar en instituciones reconocidas por el Estado". ¡Este año la Fundación Friedrich Ebert – FES por sus siglas en alemán - cumplirá 98 años!
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